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China 八年级(初二) Physics

अध्याय: 13

1. Introduction – starting scientific exploration

What physics studies; scientific inquiry

2. Ch.1 Mechanical motion

Measuring length and time · Describing motion; relativity of motion · Speed · Measuring speed

3. Ch.2 Sound

Production and travel of sound · Pitch, loudness, timbre · Uses of sound · Noise and its control · Interdisciplinary: sound-proof room model

4. Ch.3 Changes of state

Temperature · Melting and solidification · Vaporisation and liquefaction · Sublimation and deposition · Interdisciplinary: kitchen state changes · Water cycle and water resources

5. Ch.4 Light

Rectilinear propagation · Reflection · Plane-mirror images · Refraction · Dispersion; colours

6. Ch.5 Lenses

Lenses · Lenses in daily life · Convex-lens imaging rules · The eye and glasses · Interdisciplinary: make a telescope

7. Ch.6 Mass and density

Mass · Density · Measuring density of liquids and solids · Uses of density

8. Ch.7 Force

Force · Elastic force · Gravity

9. Ch.8 Motion and force

Newton's first law; inertia · Balance of two forces · Friction · Adding forces on one line

10. Ch.9 Pressure

Pressure · Liquid pressure · Atmospheric pressure · Interdisciplinary: piston pump · Fluid pressure and speed

11. Ch.10 Buoyancy

Buoyant force · Archimedes' principle · Floating and sinking; applications · Interdisciplinary: mini hydrometer

12. Ch.11 Work and mechanical energy

Work · Power · Kinetic and potential energy · Mechanical energy transformation

13. Ch.12 Simple machines

Levers · Interdisciplinary: steelyard balance · Pulleys · Mechanical efficiency