CBSE Class 10 Home Science (064)

Chapters: 6

1. Human growth and development – II

Human growth and development – II

Coming soon

Management of resources

Resource Management: Making the Most of What We Have – A resource is anything used to reach a goal. Human resources are inside people (time, energy, knowledge, skills, attitude); non-human resources are things (money, materials, space, tools). Resources can be individual or shared, natural or community. They are limited, useful, can replace one another and must be managed. Management is a process: plan, organise, implement, control and evaluate. Time, money and energy are the resources families manage most, using time plans, budgets and work-saving methods.

Food and personal hygiene

Nutrition – Nutrition is how we get and use the substances in food. The body needs six groups of nutrients: carbohydrates and fats (mainly energy), proteins (growth and repair), vitamins and minerals (small amounts to keep the body working), and water, plus fibre for healthy digestion. Carbohydrate and protein give about 17 kJ per gram, fat about 37 kJ per gram. A balanced diet gives all nutrients in the right amounts, and energy in should roughly equal energy out.

Meal planning

Nutrition – Nutrition is how we get and use the substances in food. The body needs six groups of nutrients: carbohydrates and fats (mainly energy), proteins (growth and repair), vitamins and minerals (small amounts to keep the body working), and water, plus fibre for healthy digestion. Carbohydrate and protein give about 17 kJ per gram, fat about 37 kJ per gram. A balanced diet gives all nutrients in the right amounts, and energy in should roughly equal energy out.

Food safety and consumer education

Consumer Rights – A consumer buys goods and services for use. Sellers can cheat consumers through short weight, adulteration, high prices or false ads. The Consumer Protection Act gives six rights: safety, information, choice, to be heard, redressal and consumer education. Quality marks and a three-level system of consumer commissions help consumers get justice.

Care and maintenance of fabrics and apparel

Textiles: From Fibre to Fabric, and How to Care for It – Textiles start as fibres. Natural fibres come from plants (cotton, linen, jute) or animals (wool, silk); manufactured fibres are regenerated (rayon) or synthetic (polyester, nylon, acrylic). Fibres are spun into yarn, and yarn becomes fabric by weaving (warp and weft), knitting (loops) or non-woven methods (felting, bonding). Finishes such as bleaching, dyeing, printing and water-repellency improve looks and use. Each fibre needs its own washing method (water temperature, soap, handling) and clothes must be stored clean, fully dry and protected from moths and mould.