China 高三 General Technology
Chapters: 6
1. Sel.7 Vocational technology basics (vocation series)
Materials and processing; energy conversion; information management; product maintenance
- Technology Basics: Materials, Energy, Information and Maintenance – Every machine rests on four things: the right material, a chain that converts energy, information (sensor, controller, output) that tells it what to do, and regular maintenance to keep it working.
2. Sel.8 Technology and career exploration (vocation)
Technology and job structure; professional qualities; career choice; entrepreneurship
- Career Planning: From Knowing Yourself to Your First Job – Career planning has five steps. 1) Know yourself: interests, skills and values. 2) Explore career families and find out the work, study needed, pay and demand. 3) Plan a pathway with SMART goals and a plan B. 4) Search for jobs with a CV, cover letter, digital portfolio and interview practice. 5) Make the move from school to work and keep learning, because careers change over a lifetime.
3. Sel.9 Creativity and invention (creation series)
Innovation; creative thinking and techniques; maker culture; patents
- Data Protection and Intellectual Property Rights – Intellectual property (IP) is a creation of the mind, such as a story, song, program, invention or logo. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) give the creator control over its use. Copyright protects creative works (text, music, art, software code) automatically once created; a patent protects a new, useful invention for about 20 years and must be applied for; a trademark protects brand names, logos and slogans. Plagiarism is presenting someone else's work as your own without credit. Infringement is using protected IP without permission (copyright, patent or trademark infringement). Public licences let creators share on their own terms: Creative Commons (BY, SA, NC, ND) for creative works, and software licences such as GPL (copyleft: modified versions must stay open) and Apache (permissive: can be used in closed products with notices).
4. Sel.10 Sci-tech and humanities integration (creation)
STEM/STEAM integration; bridge, vehicle, aircraft, medical device, mining projects
- Interdisciplinary Science: Solving Problems Across Subjects – Real problems do not come sorted into school subjects. Interdisciplinary science means joining ideas and methods from several fields, such as physics, chemistry, biology, maths, technology, art and social science, to understand or solve one problem. This joined-up way of asking questions is also called convergent inquiry. Teams use the design cycle (research, plan, build, test, improve), make models, measure and share results, and think about how a solution affects people and nature. Climate change, clean water, medical scanners and smart cities are all solved this way.
- STEM and STEAM Integration: Bridge, Vehicle, Aircraft, Medical Device and Mining Projects – STEM joins Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths to solve one real problem. STEAM adds Art: shape, colour and how people feel about the thing we make. A bridge shows it well. Science explains the load, maths measures the sag, engineering adds triangles, technology adds a sensor and art shapes the look. The same method works for vehicles, aircraft, medical devices and mines.
5. Sel.11 Product 3D design and manufacture (creation)
3D printing principles; product analysis; 3D model design; applications
- 3D Modelling: From a Cube to a Printed Object – A 3D model is a shape stored in a computer as points (vertices) joined by edges into flat faces: a mesh. We build models by starting from simple shapes (primitives), moving, rotating and scaling them, and pulling faces out (extrude). Then we add materials and lights and the computer renders a picture. The same model can be sliced into thin layers and built by a 3D printer, or used in games, films, VR and product design.
6. Electives (选修)
Traditional crafts and practice (paper, clay/stone, metal, cloth, wood, glass/plastic) · New technology experience and inquiry · Integrated technology application topics · Modern agricultural technology topics
- Traditional Crafts – A traditional craft is a way of making useful and beautiful things by hand, using local materials and skills passed from one generation to the next. Pottery shapes and fires clay, weaving interlaces warp and weft threads, paper-cutting uses folds to make symmetric patterns, and woodwork joins wood with cut joints. The craft spirit means patience, precision, respect for materials and pride in careful work.
- Emerging Trends: AI, IoT, Cloud and Blockchain – Emerging technologies are new tools that are changing how we live and work. AI lets machines do smart tasks; machine learning lets them learn from data; NLP lets them use human language. AR adds virtual things to the real world, VR replaces it. Robots sense, think and act. IoT devices with sensors create big data, which smart cities use. Cloud computing rents out IaaS, PaaS or SaaS over the internet; grid computing joins many computers for one big job. Blockchain keeps a shared record that is very hard to change secretly.
- Integrated Technology Projects: Joining Sensors, Control and Action – An integrated technology project joins several technologies into one working system that solves a real need. Almost every smart system has four parts: a sensor that measures, a controller that decides using a rule, an actuator (motor, fan, valve) that acts, and a link or app that connects people to it. Because the sensor checks the result again, the parts form a loop called feedback control. Good projects follow a design process: define the need, plan the design, build, test, and improve. They also weigh cost, safety, power, and how the system could fail.
- Modern Agricultural Technology: Smart Farming – Modern agricultural technology helps farmers use water, seeds, fertiliser and medicine only where and when the crop needs them. Soil sensors measure moisture; drip irrigation puts water at the roots and can cut water use by more than half; drones and satellite pictures make colour maps that show stressed or sick parts of a field so only those parts are treated; greenhouses and hydroponics control light, heat and nutrients so crops grow all year with little water. These tools are joined by a simple loop: measure, decide, act, check. Cost, training and power supply decide which tool suits a small or large farm.