Ontario Grade 12 TTJ4E Transportation Technology: Vehicle Maintenance (Grade 12, Workplace Preparation)
Chapters: 4
1. A. Vehicle Maintenance Fundamentals
A1 Vehicle Powertrains · A2 Interior and Exterior Care and Maintenance · A3 Service and Maintenance
- Vehicle Ownership: How a Car Works and How to Look After It – A vehicle owner does not need to be a mechanic, but should know the basics. The powertrain (engine or motor, gearbox, axles, wheels) moves the car. Five fluids and parts under the bonnet need regular checks: oil, coolant, brake fluid, battery and washer fluid. Tyres need the right pressure and enough tread. Dashboard lights warn by colour. The owner’s manual gives the service schedule. Regular cleaning stops rust. In a breakdown or crash, a calm, ordered set of steps keeps people safe and meets the law.
2. B. Vehicle Maintenance Skills
B1 Service Information · B2 Powertrain Systems · B3 Body, Brake, Steering, and Suspension Systems · B4 Repair Problems or Challenges
- Vehicle Ownership: How a Car Works and How to Look After It – A vehicle owner does not need to be a mechanic, but should know the basics. The powertrain (engine or motor, gearbox, axles, wheels) moves the car. Five fluids and parts under the bonnet need regular checks: oil, coolant, brake fluid, battery and washer fluid. Tyres need the right pressure and enough tread. Dashboard lights warn by colour. The owner’s manual gives the service schedule. Regular cleaning stops rust. In a breakdown or crash, a calm, ordered set of steps keeps people safe and meets the law.
- Solutions: How Things Dissolve and How Much Can Dissolve – A solution is a uniform mixture of a solute dissolved in a solvent. In water (an aqueous solution) the solute breaks into particles too small to see, so it never settles and passes through filter paper. Concentration tells how much solute is present (mass % = solute ÷ solution × 100). Solubility is the most that can dissolve in 100 g of solvent at a given temperature; beyond it the solution is saturated. Evaporation, crystallisation and distillation separate solutions.
3. C. Technology,the Environment, and Society
C1 Technology and the Environment · C2 Technology and Society
- Environmental Stewardship: Caring for the Planet as We Use Technology – Environmental stewardship means using the Earth's resources carefully so they last, and fixing harm where we can. Every product, from a phone to a hospital machine, has a life cycle: raw materials, making, transport, use and end of life. Each stage uses energy and makes waste. Good stewards keep products longer, choose efficient machines, follow the waste hierarchy (refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle, then dispose), send e-waste to proper recyclers and support laws and company practices that protect nature. Technology can harm the environment, but it can also help: solar panels, LEDs and smart sensors cut waste.
4. D. Professional Practice and Career Opportunities
D1 Health and Safety · D2 Career Opportunities
- Health and Safety: Hazards, Risks and Controls – A hazard is anything that can cause harm. Risk is how likely the harm is and how bad it would be: risk = likelihood × severity. A risk assessment finds hazards, decides who could be harmed, rates the risk, adds controls and is reviewed. Use the hierarchy of control: eliminate, substitute, engineering controls, admin (rules, training, signs), then PPE last. Safety signs use colour and shape. Workshops, art rooms and workplaces need guards, ventilation, labelled materials, clear exits and first aid. Laws in most countries make employers and workers share the duty to stay safe.
- Career Planning: From Knowing Yourself to Your First Job – Career planning has five steps. 1) Know yourself: interests, skills and values. 2) Explore career families and find out the work, study needed, pay and demand. 3) Plan a pathway with SMART goals and a plan B. 4) Search for jobs with a CV, cover letter, digital portfolio and interview practice. 5) Make the move from school to work and keep learning, because careers change over a lifetime.