South 고등학교 3학년 Travel Geography
Chapters: 6
1. Why and how we travel
Travel in books and media · Transport and travel · Maps and GIS for travel · Safe travel
- Tourism Geography: Resources, Types, Impacts and Planning – Tourism is travelling away from home for at least one night for leisure, business, health or visiting friends. Tourism geography asks where people go, why, and what tourism does to places. Places attract visitors with natural resources (mountains, beaches, wildlife) and cultural resources (heritage, festivals, food). People are pushed from home and pulled to destinations. Tourism can be domestic or international, and there are many types: eco, adventure, cultural, medical and marine. Resorts often follow a life cycle from exploration to stagnation and then decline or renewal. Tourism brings jobs and money but can harm nature and local culture if visitors exceed the carrying capacity, so good planning aims at sustainable tourism.
- Transport and Logistics – Transport moves people and goods by road, rail, water, air and pipeline. Each mode needs infrastructure: roads, railways, ports and airports, joined into a network. Logistics plans the whole journey of goods, from factory to warehouse to shop to home, at the lowest cost and on time. Choosing a mode is a trade-off between speed, cost, load and distance.
- Transport Technology: Moving People and Goods – Transport technology moves people and goods from place to place. Every transport system has five parts: a vehicle, a way (road, rail, sea lane, air route), terminals (stations, ports, airports), a power source and a control system. Land vehicles push on the ground using friction. Ships float because water pushes up (buoyancy). Planes fly when lift beats weight and thrust beats drag. Rockets push gas backwards and are pushed forwards. Engines turn fuel or electricity into motion; electric motors waste less energy. Safety depends on stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance. Future transport aims to be cleaner, safer and smarter: electric and hydrogen vehicles, maglev trains, drones and self-driving cars.
- Safety Education: Staying Safe at Home, on the Road and with People – Safety means spotting hazards early and acting before harm happens. Risk = likelihood × harm. Keep exits clear and use stairs in a fire, follow traffic rules and wear a helmet or seat belt, wash hands and use medicine correctly, and in any unsafe situation with a person: say NO, GO away and TELL a trusted adult.
2. Travel to nature
Landforms · Climates · Protected areas · Korea's ecological sites
- Major Landforms and How They Form – Landforms are the natural shapes of the land: mountains, volcanoes, plains, valleys, deltas, beaches and caves. Forces from inside the Earth (plate movement, volcanoes) build them up. Forces from outside (rain, rivers, waves, wind, ice) wear them down and move the pieces. People choose where to live and work according to these landforms.
- Climate Zones of the World – Climate is the average weather of a place over about 30 years. It depends mainly on latitude (how high the Sun climbs), altitude (about 6.5 °C cooler per km up), distance from the sea, winds and ocean currents. Using these, the Köppen system sorts the world into five groups: A tropical, B dry, C temperate, D continental and E polar, plus highland climates on high mountains. Monsoon climates have winds that change direction with the seasons.
- Animals, People and Conservation – People have changed animal life for thousands of years: we hunt and fish, we tamed wild animals and bred them into many breeds, we fight pests and share cities with urban animals. When we take more than nature can replace, species decline and may go extinct. Conservation means using animals wisely and protecting them: Red Books list species in danger, national parks protect land, and marine protected areas and fishing rules protect the ocean.
3. Travel to cultures
Global events · Religion, architecture, food, art · Rural and urban travel · Korea's cultural travel
- Tourism Geography: Resources, Types, Impacts and Planning – Tourism is travelling away from home for at least one night for leisure, business, health or visiting friends. Tourism geography asks where people go, why, and what tourism does to places. Places attract visitors with natural resources (mountains, beaches, wildlife) and cultural resources (heritage, festivals, food). People are pushed from home and pulled to destinations. Tourism can be domestic or international, and there are many types: eco, adventure, cultural, medical and marine. Resorts often follow a life cycle from exploration to stagnation and then decline or renewal. Tourism brings jobs and money but can harm nature and local culture if visitors exceed the carrying capacity, so good planning aims at sustainable tourism.
- Cultural Geography: How Places Shape Culture and Culture Shapes Places – Cultural geography studies how human culture differs from place to place and how it spreads. Culture is a group's shared way of life: language, religion, food, clothing, buildings, art and festivals. People change the land to fit their culture, making a cultural landscape. The natural environment, especially climate and nearness to the sea, influences homes, food and clothing, though people also use technology and choice. Areas with similar traits form culture regions. Cultures start in hearths and spread by diffusion: relocation (people move) or expansion (the idea moves), which can be contagious, hierarchical or stimulus. Diffusion can lead to acculturation, assimilation, syncretism and, today, globalisation.
- Cultural Heritage – Cultural heritage is everything a community receives from the past, values today and wants to pass on: buildings and monuments, objects in museums, languages, music, dance, festivals, crafts, food and knowledge. Tangible heritage can be touched (immovable like temples and bridges, movable like coins and manuscripts); intangible heritage is lived and practised; natural heritage covers special landscapes and wildlife. Heritage gives identity, teaches history, brings income through tourism and links people across cultures. It is threatened by weathering, pollution, crowds, careless development, neglect and conflict, and is protected by conservation, laws, museums, heritage lists, education and local communities.
4. Reflective and coexistence travel
Industrial heritage and war museums · Travel to places of conflict and poverty · Eco, tech and creative places
- Dark Tourism: Places of Memory – Dark tourism means visiting places linked to war, disaster or suffering, such as memorials, museums and old battlefields. People go to remember, to learn and to work for peace. These places should tell the truth, let many voices speak and be visited with respect, not as entertainment.
- Global Citizenship – A global citizen belongs to local, national and world communities at the same time. The world is interconnected, and problems such as poverty, hunger, conflict and climate change are shared. Global citizens know their rights and duties, care about people far away, reduce their ecological footprint, and act locally while thinking globally.
- Tourism Geography: Resources, Types, Impacts and Planning – Tourism is travelling away from home for at least one night for leisure, business, health or visiting friends. Tourism geography asks where people go, why, and what tourism does to places. Places attract visitors with natural resources (mountains, beaches, wildlife) and cultural resources (heritage, festivals, food). People are pushed from home and pulled to destinations. Tourism can be domestic or international, and there are many types: eco, adventure, cultural, medical and marine. Resorts often follow a life cycle from exploration to stagnation and then decline or renewal. Tourism brings jobs and money but can harm nature and local culture if visitors exceed the carrying capacity, so good planning aims at sustainable tourism.
5. Travel good for all
Impacts of tourism · Fair travel and ecotourism · Meaningful travel
- Sustainable Tourism – Sustainable tourism means travel that is good for visitors, local people and nature, now and in the future. Tourism brings jobs and money, but too many visitors cause crowding, pollution and loss of culture (overtourism). We protect places with protected areas, visitor limits, fees and rules, keep money local, and travel as responsible tourists.
- Tourism Geography: Resources, Types, Impacts and Planning – Tourism is travelling away from home for at least one night for leisure, business, health or visiting friends. Tourism geography asks where people go, why, and what tourism does to places. Places attract visitors with natural resources (mountains, beaches, wildlife) and cultural resources (heritage, festivals, food). People are pushed from home and pulled to destinations. Tourism can be domestic or international, and there are many types: eco, adventure, cultural, medical and marine. Resorts often follow a life cycle from exploration to stagnation and then decline or renewal. Tourism brings jobs and money but can harm nature and local culture if visitors exceed the carrying capacity, so good planning aims at sustainable tourism.
6. Travel, the future and careers
Tourism industry · Tourism jobs · Travel for career exploration
- Tourism Geography: Resources, Types, Impacts and Planning – Tourism is travelling away from home for at least one night for leisure, business, health or visiting friends. Tourism geography asks where people go, why, and what tourism does to places. Places attract visitors with natural resources (mountains, beaches, wildlife) and cultural resources (heritage, festivals, food). People are pushed from home and pulled to destinations. Tourism can be domestic or international, and there are many types: eco, adventure, cultural, medical and marine. Resorts often follow a life cycle from exploration to stagnation and then decline or renewal. Tourism brings jobs and money but can harm nature and local culture if visitors exceed the carrying capacity, so good planning aims at sustainable tourism.
- Career Planning: From Knowing Yourself to Your First Job – Career planning has five steps. 1) Know yourself: interests, skills and values. 2) Explore career families and find out the work, study needed, pay and demand. 3) Plan a pathway with SMART goals and a plan B. 4) Search for jobs with a CV, cover letter, digital portfolio and interview practice. 5) Make the move from school to work and keep learning, because careers change over a lifetime.