Germany Jahrgangsstufe 10 Art
Chapters: 3
1. Fine art
Fine art: colour and reality
- Colour Theory: The Colour Wheel, Harmonies, Mixing and Meaning – Colour theory is a set of simple rules for mixing and combining colours. In paint, red, yellow and blue are the primary colours; two primaries make a secondary (orange, green, violet); a primary plus its neighbouring secondary makes a tertiary, giving a 12-part colour wheel. Every colour has three dimensions: hue (its name), value (light or dark: tints, shades, tones) and saturation (bright or dull). Harmonies such as complementary, analogous, triadic and monochrome help colours work together. Warm colours seem to come forward and cool ones go back. Light mixes by adding (RGB makes white); paint and ink mix by taking light away (CMY makes near-black). Colour also carries feeling and cultural meaning.
2. Architecture and product design
Architecture and product design: Art Nouveau
- Design History: How Movements and Designers Shaped Everyday Things – Designs change over time because of new materials, new technology and new ideas about people and society. Arts and Crafts rejected cheap factory goods and valued hand-made work. Art Nouveau used flowing curves from nature. Bauhaus and Modernism said form follows function and designed for mass production. Mid-century designers used moulded plywood and plastic for affordable furniture. Postmodernism and Memphis broke the rules with colour and fun. Today's designers focus on sustainability and digital making. Studying the work of others helps us analyse, get inspired and design better.
3. Interaction, staging and communication
Interaction, staging and communication
- Graphic Design – Graphic design is planning pictures, words and shapes so that a message is clear, useful and attractive. Designers use elements (line, shape, colour, type, image, space) and principles (alignment and grid, hierarchy, contrast, proximity, repetition, balance and white space). They follow a process: brief, research, ideas, sketches, digital drafts, feedback and final artwork. Graphic design is used in posters, logos, book covers, packaging, signs, websites and apps.