Russia 8 класс Basics of Security and Defence of the Motherland

Chapters: 6

1. Module 1: Safe and sustainable development of person, society, state

National security basics · Emergencies and civil defence

Coming soon

Armed Forces of Russia · Defending the Fatherland · Motorised rifle squad · General military regulations and drill

Coming soon

Safety culture

Coming soon

Home hazards

First Aid: What to Do in an Emergency – First aid is the help you give an injured or ill person until trained help arrives. Its aims: preserve life, stop things getting worse, help recovery. Follow DRABC: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, CPR/Call. Breathing but unresponsive → recovery position. Not breathing normally → CPR 30:2 at 100-120 pushes a minute, 5-6 cm deep, and an AED. Bleeding → direct pressure. Burns → cool running water 20 minutes. Choking → back blows and abdominal thrusts. Sprains → RICE.

Road safety

Road Safety: The Physics of Stopping and Staying Safe – A vehicle cannot stop at once. First the driver needs time to notice and react (reaction time, about 1 s). During this time the vehicle keeps moving: this is the thinking distance = speed × reaction time. Then the brakes slow it down: this is the braking distance = speed² ÷ (2 × deceleration). Stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance. Double the speed and the braking distance becomes four times longer. Wet, icy or worn roads and tyres give less grip (friction), so braking is longer and bends are harder to take. In a crash, seat belts, helmets, airbags and crumple zones make the stop take longer, which makes the force on the body smaller. Pedestrians, cyclists, scooter riders and passengers all stay safer by following traffic rules, being seen, and never using a phone while moving.

Public places

Safety in Public Places – Public places such as stations, malls, markets, stadiums and festivals hold many people. The main dangers are crowd crush, fire, suspicious objects and crime. Know your exits, keep calm, move with the flow, stay away from unknown bags, never hide an emergency, and call 112 for help.