Poland Liceum ogólnokształcące, klasa IV Latin and ancient culture (extended level)
Chapters: 2
1. Ancient philosophy, art and daily life
Ancient philosophy · Material culture · Public and private life · Reception of antiquity · Social competence
- Ancient Philosophy: From the First Questions to Stoicism – Philosophy means 'love of wisdom'. Around 600 BCE Greek thinkers began to explain nature by reason (logos) instead of myth. The Presocratics searched for the first principle (arche): water, air, fire, unchanging being or atoms. Then the Sophists and Socrates turned to human life, and Socrates died for his questioning (told in Plato's Apology). Plato taught the theory of Forms; Aristotle built logic and science from observation. Later Stoics, Epicureans and Cynics, and Romans like Cicero and Seneca, asked how to live a good, calm life.
- Ancient Greek Art – Ancient Greek art grew over about 900 years in four periods: Geometric, Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic. Painted pottery moved from black-figure to red-figure. Sculpture moved from stiff kouros statues to the relaxed contrapposto of the Classical age and the drama of the Hellenistic age. Temples used three column orders (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian) and careful proportion. These ideals of balance and beauty shaped Roman, Renaissance and even Gandhara art.
2. Translation and transformations
Analysing a text for translation · Grammatical transformations · Translating canon prose
Coming soon